Along with the increasing population, the problem of food supply also persists. To supply food and achieve maximum production, humans have started using various types of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other chemical medicines in agriculture. Due to which the production increases, but these food grains, fruits or vegetables also have a bad effect on human health. And these chemical medicines not only have a bad effect on the environment but the soil has also started losing its fertility. You all must be knowing about farming and also doing farming, but do you know about organic farming or do organic farming?
You all have read that our soil is losing its fertility due to chemical farming. But in organic farming, this is taken care of and to maintain the fertility of the land and to get good production from the land for a long time, only organic farming is done. Only the materials are used in agriculture.
How to make organic fertilizer at home
Due to the use of more chemical fertilizers and pesticides, the costs and diseases in agriculture are increasing. To reduce the costs and prevent diseases, organic farming will have to be adopted. For this, it is necessary that the farmers replace chemical fertilizers at their home. And instead of chemical pesticides, indigenous fertilizers and pesticides should be made. For this, the farmer should know the method of making organic fertilizers.
Cow dung manure
The second task of the farmer is to make organic manure like cow dung manure, green manure, cow dung gas manure etc., all these fertilizers can be prepared in 90 to 180 days. To make the best cow dung manure, the farmer has to prepare a well of 1 meter wide and 1 meter deep, Dig a pit of 5 to 10 meters length, spread a plastic sheet in it, apply a thin layer of cow dung and animal faces and urine on a layer of agricultural residue, moisten it thoroughly with water and cover the pit with soil and cow dung. Close it and turn it after 2-2 months, good organic fertilizer will be ready.
To make green manure
Green manure is made from the crops of cowpea, moong, urad, dhacha, flax and cow dung. To get maximum organic elements and androgens from green manure. These crops are buried in the field for 30 to 50 days because during this period, the plants become soft and grow quickly. Along with supplying nitrogen and organic elements, green manure also provides many types of nutrients to the field. Green manure contains nitrogen, sulphur, sulphur, potash, magnesium, calcium, copper, iron and zinc etc.
Crop rotation
This technique means that instead of growing the same crop in a field every year, fields are alternated for crops. Rotation helps add many nutrients to the soil and kill insects and parasites.
Mulching
Many farmers practice mulching to increase soil health by adding a layer of organic material (straw, manure) over the soil and removing weeds. This technique helps in prevention of weeds, holding moisture in the soil thereby increasing crop production.
Benefits of organic farming to farmers
Looking at the way crop yield is increasing through organic farming; it can be estimated that farmers are getting direct benefits from it. People are promoting organic farming by discovering new methods every day. The income of farmers has increased and the demand for crops grown through organic farming has increased.
Use of less water for soaking
In organic farming, less water is used for the crop, which also benefits the environment. The ground water table also benefits. In modern times, due to continuously increasing population, environmental pollution, conservation of soil fertility and human health, the path of organic farming has proved to be very beneficial and effective. For the overall development of human life, it is very important that natural resources are not polluted, the environment remains pure and nutritious food is available.
Sustainable healthy soil
Unlike organic farming, conventional farming strips away valuable nutrients and returns the nutrients artificially through synthetic fertilizers. This method does not encourage the growth of healthy bacteria or other decomposers that stabilize soil health. This means that when a traditional farmer leaves his field to sit. The soil will struggle to regain nutrients and it will take much longer.
Biodiversity
Organic farming strives to achieve biodiversity in plants. This means that many species of plants grow on a farm during a given year. Besides biodiversity being healthy for the soil. It also helps control pest populations and creates a healthy environment for wild creatures such as deer, reptiles, rodents, birds and other animals by ensuring a more balanced ecosystem.
Biological Pesticides
Organic pesticides are made from natural resources and help destroy pests without negative effects. Neem leaves, onion and garlic paste, and antibacterial power are used in these.
